http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm6 ~3 j. S$ b- `5 L `. \* j
Coughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version
: n* u% w: P* c0 X7 eCoughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract)., e" n1 Q, i& ~$ m1 U+ v
4 s5 T$ b' @, n& M+ NHemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.
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2 `( T% V/ H" B+ |Considerations
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Coughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.) T& W6 ~/ B. p# q
1 _7 v- s6 Z- U* N2 w% R" rBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood./ b5 L+ B. J9 ?2 E# ~
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Causes
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' ~( x" j7 J1 _; Z" I# Z! H" [A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
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Blood clot in the lung* s5 m, [" q! W* L5 H5 g- B
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
! v5 O9 B, O" q( ]" RBronchoscopy with biopsy$ z( Z% Y5 |) i& G
Bronchiectasis( N/ x, ?, M# g+ Z0 Z4 ?
Bronchitis
m, f: U8 Z$ u0 G" P8 j \Cancer
; ?3 l) R5 P% }: iCystic fibrosis
+ [: L) X- q: a5 n/ ^5 x9 uInflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
7 B6 ~, l" M y7 D+ s( ?/ Q! V, uInjury to the arteries of the lungs
+ v& Z* g6 o" aIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
) Y5 v) I1 H4 \9 u9 V. OPneumonia or other lung infections
# t, P- I8 ~3 W! m) X' dPulmonary edema0 J8 e" _1 p7 U
Systemic lupus erythematosus( E* X% c8 ~; ?- D4 Q4 t) X/ ^8 G
Tuberculosis
) x+ W8 ^; i6 iHome Care+ ~ }1 h3 A7 q
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.0 K) A' j4 [4 V* Y' U+ o
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It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.$ w' Z7 G5 u& l. d
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When to Contact a Medical Professional; l$ _! _ [: Z2 g6 [9 H
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:2 _5 @. K, i+ _) g) T
- n' l; E; m( h& n0 U- T3 ]$ u; lA cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
; L" J, ` M jBlood in your urine or stools
1 {: q$ C; F) @& S' m1 PChest pain1 Q+ a! d5 u5 a' h
Dizziness
% j5 N. L& e! |9 w) e) y1 yFever9 Q& R3 o4 \: h% G" _2 a2 I
Light-headedness
4 H) u* @1 ^5 t# o! \, D) iSevere shortness of breath
8 I. F1 q) P' _) w/ OWhat to Expect at Your Office Visit. r" z& K* }. G3 d) g
" K% x j$ z. P' iIn an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:
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) Y- e& g: I L9 K* J7 X& {4 LType
9 J. q& q: G$ l2 R% TAre you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?1 i" d X4 H5 {+ V! I
Can you see blood when you cough up something?
. `- j1 I6 f; v4 W" n7 P. `How many times have you coughed up blood?3 P4 `' T5 N, y$ p3 j2 I
Is there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
# D2 q8 O9 d3 q- p d3 p* J. ETime pattern
4 y" j: O+ ?" J1 YDid it begin suddenly?' e; z7 Z& K* N- H
Has it increased recently?
4 C- S8 E9 l$ d* D w hFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
. n* Q7 i* f* ]# v7 CIs the cough worse at night?9 A- W( `' t1 t
What other symptoms do you have?
0 e! B$ m6 Z8 r) ^2 qThe doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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+ `! n2 M( x' ` CBronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
* o9 e% q. j( n0 _/ `1 ~; g5 V. nChest CT scan
* B3 n* ~2 i# @; c- |1 y6 H DChest x-ray# \7 r% U% K6 K7 Q; k6 W
Complete blood count
* t, }" p+ M5 {2 s3 N! pLung biopsy
: v( [) X" k* ]* I% d- B% L4 hLung scan, M# |7 w; q0 m1 z* X, \- c- {
Pulmonary arteriography: i/ p, V7 F" g6 u& w6 R
Sputum culture and smear
# Y. t( w0 X7 ]) | I S, YTest to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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